Steps of waste management


Item

Specification

Model

A1500

Internal Dimensions

150 x 100 x 96cm

Suit for Animal

Cat – yes

Dog – yes

Pig – yes

Cow – Little

Main Product List

Main Combustion Chamber

 

Secondary Combustion Chamber

 

Mix-Combustion Chamber

 

Wet Scrubber( Washing Tower)

 

Incinerator Control Case

 

Chimney:10.0Meters *(Update to Stainless Steel, free Price )

 

Italy oil burner: 03 sets

 


Phone: +86-13813931455(whatsapp/wechat)
Website: http://www.hiclover.com/ 

Oil Tank: 500Liters

Nanjing Clover Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.

HICLOVER Incinerator/Parts Range

Main Feature

Medical Waste Incinerators

HICLOVER 10-500kgs/Hr.Double Combustion Chambers

Single Combustion Chamber

Small, Cheap,10-20kgs/Hr.

Three Combustion Chambers(Optional)

3 Chambers for high risk waste

Pet Cremation Equipment

For Pet(small/big) Cremation Business

Animal Incineration Equipment

For other animal incineration

hospital waste management ppt 2018


Items/Model

TS100(PLC)

TS150(PLC)

TS300(PLC)

TS500(PLC)

Burn Rate (Average)

100 kg/hour

150 kg/hour

300 kg/hour

500 kg/hour

Control Mode

PLC Auto.

PLC Auto.

PLC Auto.

PLC Auto.

Combustion Chamber

1200L

1500L

2000L

3000L

Internal Dimensions

120x100x100cm

150x100x100cm

170x120x100cm

210x120x120cm

Secondary Chamber

600L

750L

1000L

1500L

Smoke Filter Chamber

Dry Scrubber

Dry Scrubber

Dry Scrubber

Dry Scrubber

Feed Mode

Manual

Manual

Manual

Manual

Voltage

220V

220V

220V

220V

Power

1.38Kw

1.69Kw

2.57Kw

4.88Kw

Diesel Oil Consumption (kg/hour)

Ave.20.4

Ave.24.2

Ave.33

Ave.44

Natural Gas Consumption (m3n/hour)

Ave.24.5

Ave.29

Ave.39.6

Ave.52.8

Temperature Monitor

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Temperature Protection

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Oil Tank

200L

300L

500L

500L

Chimney

10Meter

10Meter

14Meter

14Meter

Chimney Type

Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel

1st. Chamber Temperature

800℃–1000℃

800℃–1000℃

800℃–1000℃

800℃–1000℃

2nd. Chamber Temperature

1000℃-1200℃

1000℃-1200℃

1000℃-1200℃

1000℃-1200℃

Residency Time

2.0 Sec.

2.0 Sec.

2.0 Sec.

2.0 Sec.

Gross Weight

6000kg

8500kg

11000kg

16000kg

External Dimensions

260x150x180cm

300x160x190cm

400x210x300cm


brick incinerator design,The control system shall include an electronic performance monitoring and logging system. The system shall be capable of monitoring and logging chamber temperatures at regular intervals (not less than once per minute, with the capacity to vary the logging frequency). The system shall include the capacity to download the performance data by USB connection.
All the measuring devices attached with the incinerator should have digital display and should have provision of connecting to the recording system, which should include fuel meter and separate energy meter.
The temperature shall be determined against the inside wall of the combustion chambers. An audible and visible alarm shall be installed to warn the operator when the secondary temperature drops to below the required temperature.
The primary chamber must meet or exceed the following criteria:
“• Heavy steel construction.
• Fixed hearth geometry and starved air gasification operational mode. 
• Hot face refractory concrete-ceramic suitable for thermal shock up to 1400 Celsius and abrasion. Minimum thickness 150mm. 
• Cold face refractory lining of calcium silicate or superior material, minimum thickness 100mm. 
• Refractory lining of all the ducts shall be done with refractory castings. Superior quality ceramic wool shall be used at all hot duct flanges and expansion joints.
• Multiple electric ignition fuel burners designed to use automotive diesel fuel.
• Flame of the primary burner shall be oriented towards the center of the unit which does not impinge directly on the refractory floor or wall. The secondary burner shall be positioned in such a way that the flue gas passes through the flame. 
• The unit shall prevent leakage of the hot flue gas and any backfire. 
• An electrically powered fan forced air supply, with the capacity for variation by the operator.
• Digital thermometers connected to electronic dataloggers. The thermometers shall be located on the chamber walls away from the fuel burner.
• A differential air pressure gauge connected to an electronic datalogger

 CE Certification Pass

HICLOVER Solution for Fighting COVID-19 with CE Certification.
 
1. Medical Waste Incinerator(Containerized Mobile Incinerator|Top Loading Incinerator)
 
2. Auto Roll Air Filter for Clean Room

450x210x300cm

 


Rubbish Incinerator


Basic Info.

Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:clover

Product Description

Clover supply medical waste incinerators, pet and animal cremators, other solid waste incinerators to over 30 countries. We have re-designed the incinerators lining configuration. We have also designed and installed our very own PLC computer system into incinerator operation system. Solid waste incinerator manufacturers, solid waste incinerator suppliers for the laboratory, solid waste incinerator*manufacturer, solid waste incinerators, Clover know it is important that build them better, keep it simple and offer a great service. We make quality products that give excellent payback on investment, our incinerators are the most robust and thermally efficient in the industry. 

The incinerator lines have small scale to large scale, up to 500kgs per hour. The combustion chamber use high strength material, expensive cost but better quality than competitors. Incinerator operation system use PLC program control mode, give up the complicated manual operation.

Item Customer Request Example
Application Scope  
 
 
 
Hospital, Pet Crematory, Slaughter House, Laboratories, School, Community, etc. if for animal/pet, indicate animal size like: cat, dog, cattle, etc
What kind of waste?  
____, _____%
____, _____%
____, _____%
 
 
Medical waste, dead animal, Municipal Waste, etc(detail name) or nature percent
if for animal/pet, indicate animal size like: cat, dog, cattle, etc
Quantity Request    
01.02.03^…unit
 
Budget    
$US Dollar.
 
 
Operating Time    
The staff work Hours per day.
Our incinerator can work up to around 18 hours per day.
Realization Date of project In ___ year  
Waste Output Capacity per Day?  
 
1000kgs Per Day^
Request waste burn rate   Capacity: 100kgs Per hour^
Request waste feed capacity   Capacity: 100kgs per feed^
Whether Natural Gas Supply Local?   Yes or No.
Local Power   If 380V and 220V valid?
Product Installation Destination  
 
Country or City name
DestinationSeaport name?   To check sea freight charge.
 
Customer    
End-Customer, Agent, Government.
 
Method of contract   Tender or Negotiation
Date of Tender limit    
How did you know our company?    
Other request or information  
 
 
 

Inciner


Basic Info.

Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:nanjing clover
Origin:Nanjing Clover

Product Description

Nanjing Clover Medical Technology Co., Ltd. Is a leading waste incinerator manufacturer in China. We are local manufacturer and one of the largest exporter of China. Pyrolytic incinerator equipment technical is main waste treatment all of the world, for Medical Waste, Animal Incineration, Pet cremation and other Solid wste. The capacity from 10kgs/Hr. To 500kgs/Hr., up to oil incinerators, oil sludge burner, oil sludge mobile incinerator, oily sludge incineration combustion, onsite remote medical waste system, 6ton per day. Presently, we supply different series for local customer requirements and design updated incinerator with our leading technology. The updated design feature of our range of incinerators make them one of the most cost effective in the world. 

Incinerator is a incineration equipment, direct fire waste by gas fuel or oi fuel. As different circumscription, incinerator can be named many words as below: 

Treatment capacity: Small scale incinerator, large scale incinerator and incineration pant. 

Waste material: Municipal waste incinerator, medical waste incinerator, animal cremation incinerator, human cremators 

Incinerator fuel: Gas incinerator, oil incinerator 

Waste to Energy (WTE): WTE incinerator, non-WTE incinerator 

Incinerator Manufacturer: China incinerator manufacturer, UK incinerator manufacturer, USA incinerator manufacturer, India incinerator manufacturer. 

Famous Incinerator manufacturer company: Inciner8(UK), Clover Incinerator(China), Pennram (USA), Haat (India) 

Burning Rate: 5kgs/hour, 10 kgs/hour, 15 kgs/hour, 20 kgs/hour, 30 kgs/hour, 50 kgs/hour, 100 kgs/hour, 150 kgs/hour, 300 kgs/hour, 500 kgs/hour

Pet Crematorium


Basic Info.

Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:clover
Origin:Clover

Product Description

We want to refresh or change incinerator with new one the incinerator contain 3 units each unit 400kg/h, if u interest to make job with as pls contact me to send u drawing and details. (Baghdad ) 
Our hospitals require 3 X Medical Waste Incinerator Units (designed to 
Burn medical waste load capacity of 50kg/hr, with calorific values 
Ranging from 2, 300 kJ. Kg to 30, 000 kJ/kg at a designed thermal rate 
Of 1, 440, 000 kJ/hr. 
I was browsing through your website and noted that Model: YZ-50 or 
YD-50 might be the the desired (specified) incinerator unit. Please 
Find attached animal incinerators and other waste, animal incinerators and other waste. De, animal incinerators costs, animal incinerators manufacturers, animal incinerators price, our incinerator specifications. 
I kindly request you to send me a quotation of your Medical Waste 
Incinerator Units, detailed specs and features plus freight costs from 
Your location to Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. 
MEDICAL WASTE INCINERATOR SPECIFICATIONS 
Capacity (4000 kg/day). 
The unit should have the following features: 
* Automatic feeding 
* Automatic ash / leftovers removal 
* Flue gas filtration system. 
* The technical & financial offer should include installation & testing and staff training. 
***The offer should be itemized. 
IMPORTANT INFORMATION: 
1. Emission standards: ( EU ) 
2. Waste type: Hazardous Medical Waste 
3. Approximate moisture content: Max. 30% 
4. Glass content: Max. 15% 
5. Building Roof Height: 8 meters 
6. Height of chimney above roof (required): At least 3 meters 
7. Fuel to be used: No. 2 ( diesel ) ( Fuel specifications attached ) 
8. Power: 380 V, 3 phase 
9. Space available inside the existing building: (Bidders should visit the building to choose the best location for installation coordinating with university engineers) 
10. Waste filled in (max. 70X120 cm ) polyethylene bags (Amman ) 
I am looking at purchasing 10-17 medical waste incinerators. Please could you give me your best price and latest catalogue for the following

Items/Model TS10(PLC) TS20(PLC) TS30(PLC) TS50(PLC) TS100(PLC)
Burn Rate 10 kg/hour 20 kg/hour 30 kg/hour 50 kg/hour 100 kg/hour
Feed Capacity 20kg 40kg 60kg 100kg 200 kg
Control Mode PLC PLC PLC PLC PLC
Combustion Chamber 100L 210L 330L 560L 1200L
Internal Dimensions 50x50x40cm 65x65x50cm 75x75x60cm 100x80x70cm 120x100x100cm
Secondary Chamber 50L 110L 180L 280L 600L
Smoke Filter Chamber Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Feed Mode Manual Manual Manual Manual Manual
Voltage 220V 220V 220V 220V 220V
Power 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.7Kw 0.7Kw
Oil Consumption (kg/hour) 5.4–12.6 7.8–16.3 10.2–20 12.1–24 14–28
Gas Consumption (m3/hour) 6.2–11.4 8–15.7 9.8–20 9.9–26.1 10–32.2
Temperature Monitor Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Temperature Protection Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Oil Tank 100L 100L 100L 100L 200L
Feed Door 30x30cm 45x40cm 55x50cm 70x55cm 80x60cm
Chimney 3Meter 3Meter 5Meter 5Meter 10Meter
Chimney Type Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
1st. Chamber Temperature 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree
2nd. Chamber Temperature 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree 800degree–1000degree
Residency Time 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec.
Gross Weight 1500kg 2200kg 3000kg 4500kg 6000kg
External Dimensions 140x90x120cm 160x110x130cm 175x120x140cm 230x130x155cm 260x150x180cm

Incinerator Crematory


Basic Info.

Pullution Sources:Solid Waste Processing
Processing Methods:Combustion
Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:clover
Origin:Nanjing

Product Description

Nanjing Clover Medical Technology Co., Ltd., local in Nanjing city, China. CLOVER is manufacturer of medical product, waste incinerator and other environmental protection equipment. The market network across over the territory of China and more than 30 countries throughout the world. 
CLOVER supply medical equipment, medical waste incinerators, china health care waste incinerator manufacturer, china hog farms incinerator, china hospital incinerator, china household incinerator, china incenirator medical waste, pet animal cremator, other solid waste treatment equipment, clean room equipment, fan filter units, air filter, etc. We supply technology service, installation service and customer made. 
We are one of the largest waste incinerator manufacturer and exporter of China. Pyrolytic incinerator technical is main waste treatment method all over the world, for Medical Waste, Animal Incineration, Pet cremation and other Solid waste. Presently, we supply small and large scale incinerators as local customer requirements and design updated incinerator with our leading technology. 
Nanjing Clover Medical Technology Co., Ltd. 
Tel: +86-25-8461 0201 
Fax: +86-25-8461 0406 
Add: RM. 7411, No. 58 Yunjin Rd., Nanjing, China 210019

Medical Waste Incinerator


Basic Info.

Model NO.:medical waste incinerator design
Export Markets:Global

Product Description

Pyrolytic incineration technical is traditional waste treatment way for many years. All over the world, in many countries, people anti incinerator because the incinerator will produce a large Dioxin in the smoke. "Dioxins" refers to a group of toxic chemical compounds that share certain chemical structures and biological characteristics. Dioxins can be released into the environment through forest fires, backyard burning of trash, certain industrial activities, and residue from past commercial burning of waste. Dioxins break down very slowly and past releases of dioxins from both incinerators in hospitals, incinerators in unkraine, incinerators italy, incinerators lab scale, incinerators manufacturer china, incinerators manufacturers, man-made and natural sources still exist in the environment. Anyhow, we have to remind that, this is large scale incineration pant, generally more than 30 ton per day. This is a social problem, to analyze and suggest ways in different angles from the public, government, economic development, environmental protection, technology development, etc. 

A Model animal crematory burning rate from 20-400kgs per hour. Heavy duty combustion chamber and suit for large animal cremation. 

Secondary Chamber & Mix-Combustion Chamber. Residency time 2.0 sec. In post combustion chamber. Virtually smoke and smell free. 

Smoke Filter Chamber with filter brick, Virtually smoke and smell free after burning. 

Italy original oil or gas burner, quality reliable. It suit for diesel oil, natural gas, LPG gas. 

User guider, full installation and operation document for customer.

Items/Model A1500 A2400 A4000 A5500
Burning Rate *animal 90 kgs/Hr. 150 kgs/Hr. 200 kgs/Hr. 400 kgs/Hr.
Feed Capacity *animal 120 kgs 200 kgs 300 kgs 500 kgs
Equipment Weight 7000 kgs 8300 kgs 13000 kgs 16500 kgs
Picture  
Primary Chamber (Liters) 1500 2400 4000 5500
Secondary Chamber (Liters) 500 1200 1500 1500
External Dimensions (cm) 240x170x380 260x220x420 320x220x460 360 x 220 x 475
Internal Dimensions (cm) 150x100x96 220x110x100 257x147x108 300 x 147 x 125
Oil Tank(Liters) 500 500 500 500
Door Opening (cm) 59 x 81 90 x 110 108 x 128 108 x 128
Chimney (M) 10 10 14 14
Chimney Type Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
Secondary Chamber  YES YES YES YES
Mix-Combustion Chamber YES YES YES YES
Smoke Filter Chamber YES YES YES YES
Combustion Fuel Oil/Gas Oil/Gas Oil/Gas Oil/Gas
Residency Time 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec.
Temperature Monitoring YES YES YES YES

Programme on Small Scale Medical Waste Incinerators for Primary Health Care Clinics in South Africa


TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROGRAMME 4
  2. STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAMME 4
  3. COLLABORATORS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME 4
  4. STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME 4
  5. LABORATORY TRIALS 5
  6. FIELD TRIALS 13

 

 

 

1.     OBJECTIVE OF THE PROGRAMME

 

The objective of the programme is to select technical criteria suitable for tender specification purposes that will enable the South African Department of Health to obtain the services and equipment necessary for the primary health care clinics to carry out small-scale incineration for the disposal of medical waste.

 

2.     STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAMME

 

The test programme is being carried out in phases, as follows:

Phase 1         A scoping study to decide the responsibility of the different parties and

consensus on the test criteria and boundaries of the laboratory tests. The criteria for accepting an incinerator on trial was approved by all parties involved.

Phase 2         Laboratory tests with a ranking of each incinerator and the selection of the incinerators to be used in the field trials.

Phase 3         Completion of field trials, to assess the effectiveness of each incinerator under field conditions.

Phase 4         Preparation of a tender specification and recommendations to the DoH for the implementation of an ongoing incineration programme.

 

This document provides feedback on phases 2 and 3 of the work.

 

 

 

3.     COLLABORATORS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME

 

SA Collaborative Centre for Cold Chain Management SA National Department of Health

CSIR

Pharmaceutical Society of SA World Health Organisation UNICEF

 

 

 

4.     STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME

 

The following stakeholders participated in the steering committee:

 

  • Dept of Health (National & provincial levels) (DoH)
  • Dept of Occupational Health & Safety (National & provincial levels)
  • Dept of Environmental Affairs & Tourism (National & provincial levels) (DEAT)
  • Dept of Water Affairs & Forestry (National & provincial levels) (DWAF)
  • Dept of Labour (National & provincial levels) (DoL)
  • National Waste Management Strategy Group
  • SA Local Government Association (SALGA)
  • SA National Civics Organisation (SANCO)
  • National Education, Health and Allied Workers Union (NEHAWU)

 

 

  • Democratic Nurses Organisation of SA (DENOSA)
  • Medecins Sans Frontieres
  • SA Association of Community Pharmacists
  • Mamelodi Community Health Committee
  • Pharmaceutical Society of SA
  • CSIR
  • UNICEF
  • WHO
  • SA Federation of Hospital Engineers

 

 

International visitors:

  • Dr Luiz Diaz – WHO Geneva and International Waste Management , USA
  • Mr Joost van den Noortgate – Medecins Sans Frontieres, Belgium

 

 

 

 

5.     LABORATORY TRIALS

 

5.1.   Objective of the laboratory trials

 

  • Rank the performance of submitted units to the following criteria:

y Occupational safety

y Impact on public health from emissions

y The destruction efficiency

y The usability for the available staff

 

  • The panel of experts for the ranking consisted of a:

y Professional nurse; Mrs Dorette Kotze from the SA National Department of Health

y Emission specialist; Dr Dave Rogers from the CSIR

y Combustion Engineer; Mr Brian North from the CSIR

 

5.2.   Incinerators received for evaluation

 

Name used in report Model no. Description Manufacturer
C&S Marketing

incinerator

SafeWaste Model Turbo

2000Vi

Electrically operated fan supplies combustion air

– no auxiliary fuel

C&S Marketing cc.
Molope Gas incinerator Medcin 400 Medical

Waste Incinerator

Gas-fired incinerator Molope Integrated

Waste Management

Molope Auto incinerator Molope Auto Medical

Waste Incinerator

Auto-combust incinerator – uses wood

or coal as additional fuel to facilitate incineration

Molope Integrated

Waste Management

 

Name used in report Model no. Description Manufacturer
PaHuOy

incinerator

Turbo Stove Auto-combust unit,

using no additional fuel or forced air supply

Pa-Hu Oy

 

 

5.3.   Emission testing: laboratory method

 

Sampling of emissions followed the US-EPA Method 5G dilution tunnel method for stove emissions. Adjustments to the design were made to account for flames extending up to 0.5 m above the tip of the incinerator and the drop out of large pieces of ash. Emissions were extracted into a duct for isokinetic sampling of particulate emissions. The sampling arrangement is shown by a schematic in Figure 1. A photograph of the operation over the Molope gas fired incinerator unit is shown in Figure 2.

 

All tests were performed according to specified operating procedures. The instructions provided by the supplier of the equipment were followed in the case of the C&S Marketing Unit. No operating procedures were supplied with the Molope Gas, Molope auto-combustion and PaHuOy units. These procedures were established by the CSIR personnel using their previous experience together with information provided by the supplier.

 

Test facilities were set up at the CSIR and measurements were carried out under an ISO9001 system using standard EPA test procedures or modifications made at the CSIR.

 

 

 

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the laboratory set-up

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 2:Photograph of air intake sampling hood over Molope gas incinerator

 

 

 

5.4.   RANKING RESULTS OF THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

Using the criteria listed under section 4.1 above, the incinerators were ranked as followed:

 

  Molope gas-fired

unit

Molope wood-fired

unit

C&S electric

unit

PaHuOy wood-fired

unit

Safety 6.8 4.8 5.5 3.3
Health 5.5 3.5 4.3 2.3
Destruction 9 2 6 1
Usability 2 3 3 5
Average 5.8 3.3 4.7 2.9

 

 

5.5.   EMISSION RESULTS OF THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

Quantitative measurements were used to rank the units in terms of destruction efficiency and the potential to produce hazardous emissions.

 

Conformance to the South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism’s (DEAT) recommended guidelines on emissions from Large Scale Medical Waste Incinerators is summarized in Table 1. The measurements are listed1 in Table 2.

 

 

 

Table 1: Summary qualitative results

 

Parameter Measured Units Molope

 

Gas-fired

Molope

 

Wood-fired

C&S

 

Electric

PaHuOy

 

Wood-fired

SA DEAT

Guidelines

Stack height m × × × × 3 m above

nearest building

Gas velocity m/s × × × × 10
Residence time s × × × × 2
Minimum combustion

temperature

ºC 4 × × × > 850
Gas combustion

efficiency

% × × × × 99.99
Particulate emissions mg/Nm3 4 × 4 × 180
Cl as HCl mg/Nm3 × 4 4 × < 30
F as HF mg/Nm3 4 4 4 4 < 30
Metals mg/Nm3 4 × × 4 < 0.5 and

< 0.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Emission concentrations are reported in accordance with the South African reporting requirements, ie, normalized to Normal Temperature (0

oC) and Pressure (101.3 kPa) and corrected to a nominal concentration of

8 % of CO2 on a dry gas basis. If a measurement fell below the detection limit for the method is it either reported as the detection limit or as N.D., ie, not detectable.

 

 

Table 2: Detailed quantitative results

 

 

Parameter Measured *

 

Units

 

Molope gas

 

Molope auto

 

C&S

 

PaHuOy

 

SA Process Guide1

 

Comments

 

Stack height

 

m

 

1.8

 

1.8

 

1.9

 

0.3

 

3 m above nearest building

 

None of these unite has a stack. The height of the exhaust vent is taken as the stack height. If it is above the respiration zone of the operator it provides some protection from exposure to smoke.

 

Gas velocity

 

m/s

 

0.8

 

0.5

 

1.1

 

0.5

 

10

 

Gas velocities vary across the stack for the Molope gas, Molope auto-combustion, and the PaHuOy units.

 

Residence time

 

s

 

0.4

 

0.7

 

0.6

 

0.4

 

2

 

Residence time is taken to be the total combustion time, and the maximum achievable

 

Minimum combustion zone temperature

oC  

800 -900

 

400 – 650

 

600 – 800

 

500 – 700

 

> 850

 

Molope auto-combustion temperatures are expected to be higher as the centre of the combustion zone is not expected to be at the measurement location.

 

CO2 at the stack tip

 

% vol

 

2.64

 

3.75

 

4.9

 

3.25

 

8.0

 

Actual emission concentrations are less than the values reported here, which are normalized to 8 % CO2 and Normal temperature and pressure for reporting purposes. They are lower between 4 to 8 times.

 

Gas

 

%

 

99.91-

 

98.8 -98.4

 

99.69-

 

98.9

 

99.99

 

Most accurate measurement in

Combustion 99.70 99.03 the duct where mixing of exhaust
efficiency gases is complete. Results of two

trials.

 

Particulate emissions entrained in exhaust gas

mg/Nm3  

102

 

197

 

130

 

338

 

180

 

The total emissions are the sum of the both entrained and un- entrained particulates. Emissions are lower than expected for such units and this is attributed to the absence of raking which is the major source of particulate emissions from incinerators without an emission control

system.

 

Particulate fall- out

mg/Nm3  

42

 

105

 

n.d.

 

n.d.

 

 

Large pieces of paper and cardboard ash rained out of the emissions. Totalling 0.8 to 2 g over a +/- 2 minute period.

 

Soot in particulates

 

%

 

42.2

 

58.1

 

48.7

 

84.8

 

 

Correlates directly with gas combustion efficiency

 

1 Emission concentrations are reported in accordance with the South African reporting requirements, ie, Normalized to Normal Temperature (0

oC) and Pressure (101.3 kPa) and corrected to a nominal concentration of

8 % of CO2 on a dry gas basis. If a measurement fell below the detection limit for the method is it either reported as the detection limit or as N.D., ie, not detectable.

 

 

Parameter Measured *

 

Units

 

Molope gas

 

Molope auto

 

C&S

 

PaHuOy

 

SA Process Guide1

 

Comments

 

% ash residual from medical waste

 

%

 

14.8

 

12.9

 

15.6

 

21.7

 

 

Measurement of destruction efficiency of the incinerator. Typical commercial units operate at 85-90 % mass reduction. PaHuOy is lower due to the melting and unburnt plastic.

 

Cl as HCl

mg/Nm3  

46

 

13

 

25

 

35 & 542

 

< 30

 

PaHuOy chloride concentrations varied considerably. This is expected due to the variability of the feed composition.

 

F as HF

mg/Nm3  

< 6

 

< 1

 

<2

 

< 1

 

< 30

 

Fluoride not found in this waste.

 

Arsenic (As)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Arsenic is not expected as a solid.

 

Lead (Pb)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

0.5

 

Lead not expected in waste

 

Cadmium (Cd)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.05

 

Sensitivity of the x-ray method is adequate for ranking. Higher sensitivity not sought for this trial.

 

Chromium (Cr)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

0.7

 

0.7

 

< 0.1.

 

0.5

 

Chromium relative to iron ranges between 12 and 25% which is consistent with stainless steel needles

 

Manganese (Mn)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

0.3

 

0.3

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Manganese may be a component in the stainless steel needle.

 

Nickel (Ni)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

0.3

 

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Nickel may be a component in the needle.

 

Antimony (Sb)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Not expected in this waste.

 

Barium (Ba)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

0.5

 

Lower sensitivity due to presence in the filter material

 

Silver (Ag)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Not expected in this waste.

 

Cobalt (Co)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Cobalt might be present in stainless steel.

 

Copper (Cu)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

0.5

 

Lower sensitivity due to copper in the sample blanks. May be background in the analytical equipment.

 

Tin (Sn)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Tin not expected in this waste.

 

Vanadium (V)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

0.4

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Vanadium might be present in stainless steel.

 

Thallium (Tl)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

0.05

 

Not expected in this waste. Sensitivity of the x-ray method is adequate for ranking. Higher sensitivity not sought for this trial.

 

 

 

5.6.   MAIN FINDINGS OF THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

The main conclusions drawn from the trials are as follows:

 

:::          All four units can be used to render medical waste non-infectious, and to destroy syringes or render needles unsuitable for reuse.

:::                           The largest potential health hazard arises from the emissions of smoke and soot.              (the combustion efficiency of all units lies outside the

regulatory standards). The risk to health can be reduced by training operators to avoid the smoke or by installation of a chimney at the site.

:::          The emissions from small scale incinerators are expected to be lower than those from a wood fire, but higher than a conventional fire-brick-

lined multi-chambered incinerator.

:::          Incomplete combustion, and the substantial formation of smoke at low height rendered the PaHuOy unit unacceptable for field trials. Figure 3

below shows this unit during a trial burn. Molten plastic flowed out of

the incinerator, blocked the primary combustion air feed vents, and burnt outside of the unit.

 

 

 

Figure 3: Photo of PaHuOy incinerator during trial burn

 

 

5.7.   COMPARISON OF THE FIELDS TRIALS WITH THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

The CSIR performed a quantitative trial in the field for gas combustion efficiency, temperature profiles and mass destruction rate on the Molope Auto wood-fired unit at the Mogale Clinic.

 

The results of this trial are compared to the laboratory trial results below:

 

  • Waste loading: Disposable rubber gloves were observed in addition to needles syringes, glass vials, bandages, dressings, and paper w
  • Temperatures and combustion efficiency: The same performance in gas combustion        efficiency   was    obtained    for    wood    .

Temperatures were higher but for a shorter time and this was

correlated with the type of wood available to the clinic. The fuel was burnt out before the medical waste was destroyed completely and this resulted in lower temperatures, lower combustion efficiency and higher emissions while burning the waste.

  • Emissions: Large amounts of black smoke were observed and this was correlated directly to cooling of the unit as the wood fuel was exhausted

prior to full ignition of the waste.

  • Destruction efficiency: The destruction efficiency was similar to that in the laboratory measurem
  • Usability: The unit is difficult to control as the result of the variability of the quality of wood
  • Acceptability: the smoke was not acceptable to the clinic, the community, or the local

 

It was concluded that:

  • The performance with fuel alone indicates that laboratory trial data can be used to predict emissions in the
  • The Molope Auto unit is too difficult to control for the available staff and fuel at the

 

 

 

5.8.   RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

The following recommendations are made as the result of the laboratory trials:

:::     A comprehensive operating manual must be supplied with each unit.

Adequate training in the operation of the units must be provided, especially focussed on safety issues.

:::     It is recommended that the height of the exhaust vent on all units be

addressed.     In order to facilitate the dispersion of emissions and reduce the exposure risk of the operators.

:::     The suppliers of the incinerators must provide instructions for the safe handling and disposal of ash.

 

 

 

5.9.   RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE STEERING COMMITTEE

 

 

 

After completion of the laboratory trials, the project steering committee recommended that the Molope Gas and C&S Marketing units be submitted for field testing. The Molope Auto was recommended for field testing on the condition that the manufacturer modified the ash grate so as to prevent the spillage of partially burnt needles and syringes.

 

 

 

6.     FIELD TRIALS

 

6.1.   OBJECTIVE OF THE FIELD TRIALS

 

The objective of the field trials was to obtain information in the field and assess the strengths and weaknesses of each of the incinerators during use at primary health care clinics.

 

A participative decision making process was used for the trials. It was based on expert technical evaluation by the CSIR and the National Department of Health as well as participation in the trials by experienced end users and participating advisors. All decisions were made by the Steering Committee, which consisted of representatives of stakeholders in the clinical and medical waste disposal process. These included representatives from the National, Provincial, and Local Government departments of Health, Safety and the Environment, as well as Professional Associations, Unions, NGOs, UNICEF, the WHO and local community representatives.

 

6.2.   CLINIC SELECTION

 

The Provinces in which the trials were done selected clinics for the field trials. The criteria set by the Steering Committee for the selection of the clinics were the following:

 

  • Location must be rural or under-serviced with

y No medical waste removal

y No existing incineration

y No transport

  • It must be in a high-density population area
  • Acceptable environmental conditions must prevail
  • Community acceptance must be obtained
  • Operator skill level to be used must be at a level of illiteracy

 

The clinics that were selected were as follows:

 

  • Steinkopf Clinic – Northern Cape Province – Gas incinerator

 

 

  • Marydale Clinic – Northern Cape Province – Gas incinerator
  • Mogale Clinic – Gauteng Province             – Auto combustion

incinerator, wood-fired.

  • Chwezi Clinic – KwaZulu-Natal Province – Gas incinerator
  • Ethembeni Clinic- KwaZulu-Natal Province – Auto-combustion electrical

incinerator

 

 

 

 

 

 

MAP OF SOUTH AFRICA INDICATING WHERE THE CLINICS ARE SITUATED

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NORTHERN PROVINCE

 

GAUTENG PROVINCE

 

 

 

 

 

NORTH WEST PROVINCE

MPUMALANGA PROVINCE

 

 

 

 

 

 

FREE STATE PROVINCE

 

 

NORTHERN CAPE PROVINCE

 

 

KWAZULU-NATAL PROVINCE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I:/UnitPublic/Valerie/Technet 99/Working papers/Session 3/rogers.doc

 

 

 

EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE

 

 

WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE

 

 

6.3.   COORDINATION OF THE TRIALS

 

The criteria for the ranking of the incinerators in accordance with performance in the field were:

 

  • Safety (occupational and public health)
  • Destruction capability
  • Usability
  • Community acceptability

 

The South African National Department of Health coordinated the field trials.

 

Information regarding the field trials as well as questionnaires were supplied to the coordinators in the participating provinces.

 

The team in the field consisted of the operator, supervisor and inspector (coordinator). The manufacturer of the incinerators did the training of the operators.

 

The questionnaires used during the trials were set so as to obtain information with regard to the criteria set for the ranking of the incinerators in accordance with performance in the field. The questionnaires were received from the clinics at two-weekly intervals.

 

Questions with regard to the criteria were the following:

 

A.  SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  • Smoke Emission

y Volume and thickness

y Colour

y Odour

  • Ash Content
  • Are the filled sharps boxes and soiled dressings stored in a locked location while waiting to be incinerated?

 

 

 

B.  DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  • Destruction Rate

y Complete

y Partial

y Minimal

y Residue content

 

C.  USABILITY (for the available staff)

  • Can the incinerator be used easily?

 

 

  • Is the process of incineration safe?
  • Has training been successful?
  • Is protective clothing such as gloves, goggles, dust masks and safety boots available?

 

D.  COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

  • What is the opinion of the following persons on the use of the incinerator?

y Operator

y Nurse

y Head of the clinic

y Local Authority representative

y Community leader

 

During the trials the clinics were visited and the incinerators evaluated by members of the Steering Committee and the CSIR as well as Dr L Diaz from WHO, Mr M Lainejoki from UNICEF and the coordinator from the National Department of Health.

 

6.4.   QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS

 

6.4.1.      MOGALE CLINIC

 

Type of incinerator at the clinic: Molope Auto-Combustion (Fired with wood)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 4 & 5: Molope Auto wood-fired incinerator during field trials at Mogale clinic

 

 

A.               SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  1. The process of incineration with this unit was considered by the operator, supervisor and the inspector as unsafe because there is no protective cage around the During the process the incinerator becomes very hot and this could result in injury to the operator.

 

  1. The smoke emission of this incinerator had a volume and thickness which was heavy and black, with a distinct unpleasant odour, and was considered This could cause a pollution problem.

 

 

 

B.               DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  1. The needles and vials were not completely destroyed but were rendered unsuitable for re-use.

 

  1. The soft medical waste was completely destroy

 

 

 

C.               USABILITY

 

Difficulty in controlling the operating temperature and avoiding smoke emissions made this incinerator user unfriendly.

 

D.               COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

As a result of the heavy, black smoke emission the unit was not acceptable to the community.

 

 

6.4.2.      ETHEMBENI CLINIC:

 

 

Figure 6: C&S Marketing Auto Combust Electrical Incinerator At Ethembeni Clinic

 

 

 

Type Of Incinerator: C&S Auto-Combustion (Uses an electrically actuated fan)

 

 

 

A.               SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  1. The operator, supervisor and inspector considered this incinerator easy to operate with no danger to the Removal of the ash from the drum for disposal in a pit is, however, considered difficult, as the drum is heavy. Removal of the incinerator lid before it has been allowed to cool has been identified as a potential danger to the operator.

 

  1. Emission of smoke from this incinerator was not considered ex The volume and thickness was evaluated as moderate with no pollution experienced.

 

 

 

B.               DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  1. The needles and vials were not completely destroyed but were rendered unsuitable for re-use.
  2. The soft medical waste was completely destroy

 

 

 

C.               USABILITY

 

Considered user friendly by operator, supervisor and inspector.

 

D.               COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

The incinerator was accepted by the community and was not considered to be harmful.

 

 

 

6.4.3.      CHWEZI CLINIC, MARYDALE CLINIC AND STEINKOPF CLINIC:

 

Type of incinerator: Molope Gas incinerator

 

Figure 7:       Molope Gas incinerator during field trials at Marydale clinic

 

A.               SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  1. The operator, supervisor and inspector considered this incinerator easy to operate with minimal danger to the
  2. Smoke emissions were not excessive and were reported to be minim

 

B.               DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  1. Sharps not completely destroyed but were rendered unsuitable for re-use.

 

 

  1. Soft medical waste completely destroy

 

C.               USABILITY

 

This incinerator was considered user friendly.

 

 

 

D.               COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

 

 

The incinerator was accepted by the community and was not considered to be harmful.

 

 

 

6.5.   RANKING

 

 

INCINERATOR RANKING
Molope Gas 1
C&S Auto-Combustion (Uses electrical fan)  

2

Molope Auto- Combustion (Fired with

wood, coal also an option)

 

3

 

 

 

 

6.6.   OUTCOME OF THE FIELD TRIALS

 

Incinerator Safety Destruction Capability Usability Community Acceptability
Molope Gas Good Good Good Good
C&S Auto- Combustion

(Uses Electricity)

 

Good

 

Good

 

Good

 

Good

Molope Auto-

Combust Incinerator

Un-Acceptable Good Un-Acceptable Un-Acceptable

 


Incineration`


Basic Info.

Pullution Sources:Solid Waste Processing
Processing Methods:Combustion
Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:clover

Product Description

Key Features: 
* All models with Dual combustion chamber. 
* Stainless Steel chimney/stack, long lifetime. *according to order 
* High temperature, long lifetime of incinerator. 
* Free or minimum installation on site. 
* High burn rate, from 10kgs to 500kgs per hour, up to 6ton per day. 
* PLC Control Plane. *according to order 
* New Design for pet animal cremation business. 
* One year warranty on incinerator and parts in stock. 

Incinerator is a incineration equipment, direct fire waste by gas fuel or oi fuel. As different circumscription, incinerator can be named many words as below: 

Treatment capacity: Small scale incinerator, large scale incinerator and incineration pant. 

Waste material: Municipal waste incinerator, medical waste incinerator, animal cremation incinerator, human cremators 

Incinerator fuel: Gas incinerator, oil incinerator 

Waste to Energy (WTE): WTE incinerator, non-WTE incinerator 

Incinerator Manufacturer: China incinerator manufacturer, UK incinerator manufacturer, USA incinerator manufacturer, India incinerator manufacturer. 

Famous Incinerator manufacturer company: Inciner8(UK), Clover Incinerator(China), Pennram (USA), Haat (India) 

Burning Rate: 5kgs/hour, 10 kgs/hour, 15 kgs/hour, 20 kgs/hour, 30 kgs/hour, 50 kgs/hour, 100 kgs/hour, 150 kgs/hour, 300 kgs/hour, 500 kgs/hour

Items/Model TS10(PLC) TS20(PLC) TS30(PLC) TS50(PLC) TS100(PLC)
Burn Rate 10 kg/hour 20 kg/hour 30 kg/hour 50 kg/hour 100 kg/hour
Feed Capacity 20kg 40kg 60kg 100kg 200 kg
Control Mode PLC PLC PLC PLC PLC
Combustion Chamber 100L 210L 330L 560L 1200L
Internal Dimensions 50x50x40cm 65x65x50cm 75x75x60cm 100x80x70cm 120x100x100cm
Secondary Chamber 50L 110L 180L 280L 600L
Smoke Filter Chamber Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Feed Mode Manual Manual Manual Manual Manual
Voltage 220V 220V 220V 220V 220V
Power 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.7Kw 0.7Kw
Oil Consumption (kg/hour) 5.4–12.6 7.8–16.3 10.2–20 12.1–24 14–28
Gas Consumption (m3/hour) 6.2–11.4 8–15.7 9.8–20 9.9–26.1 10–32.2
Temperature Monitor Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Temperature Protection Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Oil Tank 100L 100L 100L 100L 200L
Feed Door 30x30cm 45x40cm 55x50cm 70x55cm 80x60cm
Chimney 3Meter 3Meter 5Meter 5Meter 10Meter
Chimney Type Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
1st. Chamber Temperature 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree
2nd. Chamber Temperature 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree
Residency Time 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec.
Gross Weight 1500kg 2200kg 3000kg 4500kg 6000kg
External Dimensions 140x90x120cm 160x110x130cm 175x120x140cm 230x130x155cm 260x150x180cm