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incinerators for sale

get HICLOVER new incinerators for sale, call us +86-25-8461 0201 and receive free quotation document from us. We supply single combustion chamber, dual glazing chambers, three combustion chambers and multi-combustion chambers waste incinerators for lab, hospital, clinic, medical center, hygiene clinical waste destruction with medical disposable, biological waste, medical plastic waste, toxic waste, red bag waste, needle disposal, gauze and bandages, sealed sharp containers, pathological waste, trace-chemotherapeutic wastes, etc..

Items/Model TS10(PLC) TS20(PLC) TS30(PLC) TS50(PLC) TS100(PLC)
Burn Rate 10 kg/hour 20 kg/hour 30 kg/hour 50 kg/hour 100 kg/hour
Feed Capacity 20kg 40kg 60kg 100kg 200 kg
Control Mode PLC PLC PLC PLC PLC
Combustion Chamber 100L 210L 330L 560L 1200L
Internal Dimensions 50x50x40cm 65x65x50cm 75x75x60cm 100x80x70cm 120x100x100cm
Secondary Chamber 50L 110L 180L 280L 600L
Smoke Filter Chamber Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Feed Mode Manual Manual Manual Manual Manual
Voltage 220V 220V 220V 220V 220V
Power 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.7Kw 0.7Kw
Oil Consumption (kg/hour) 5.4–12.6 7.8–16.3 10.2–20 12.1–24 14–28
Gas Consumption (m3/hour) 6.2–11.4 8–15.7 9.8–20 9.9–26.1 10–32.2
Temperature Monitor Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Temperature Protection Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Oil Tank 100L 100L 100L 100L 200L
Feed Door 30x30cm 45x40cm 55x50cm 70x55cm 80x60cm
Chimney 3Meter 3Meter 5Meter 5Meter 10Meter
Chimney Type Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
1st. Chamber Temperature 800℃–1000℃ 800℃–1000℃ 800℃–1000℃ 800℃–1000℃ 800℃–1000℃
2nd. Chamber Temperature 1000℃-1200℃ 1000℃-1200℃ 1000℃-1200℃ 1000℃-1200℃ 1000℃-1200℃
Residency Time 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec.
Gross Weight 1500kg 2200kg 3000kg 4500kg 6000kg
External Dimensions 140x90x120cm 160x110x130cm 175x120x140cm 230x130x155cm 260x150x180cm

Supply, Installation and Commissioning of DIESEL FIRED INCINERATORS


Supply, Installation and Commissioning of DIESEL FIRED INCINERATORS
Medical Waste Incinerator, 100 to 120 Kg/hr
Application   For incineration, general and pathological
Capacity    100 C 120 kg/h burn rate
Type Two  combustion chambers type; primary  and Secondary, controlled/forced combustion air type with a flue gas emission scrubbing unit
Operating time                Minimum 8 hours daily
Operating temperature     From 850 0C to 1200 0C, Automatic controlled
Residual Ash                    5 to 10%
Construction Constructed from heavy duty mild or aluminized  steel
Or equal and approved equivalent

Insulation material            Refractory material lining similar or equal to calcium 
Silicate and hot face combination of heavy duty brickwork
Internal Construction        Fixed hearth type complete with gratings, concave bottom and charging door, lined with refractory material
Charging Door                   Suitable for manual loading of wastes and with smooth 
Dear seal equivalent of Ceramic seals with hinges.
Door Lock                          Automatic, Electric type
Ash removal door    Provided, for removing resultant bottom ash leftovers                              from the Primary chamber
Gratings    Provided
Loading Manual loading of waste
Primary Burner                        Fully automatic, with fuel, temperature and speed  controls with ignition system  flame detector                                                         Air fan Complete with safety features, flame failure                                                                    Diesel fired fuel injector type                                               
Flange mounted
Blower   Provided.  3 phase for supplying excess combustion air through the distribution system with speed control system
Temperature Minimum exit 850 0C
Observation port To be provided with protective glass type
     3.3    Secondary chamber


Programme on Small Scale Medical Waste Incinerators for Primary Health Care Clinics in South Africa


TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROGRAMME 4
  2. STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAMME 4
  3. COLLABORATORS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME 4
  4. STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME 4
  5. LABORATORY TRIALS 5
  6. FIELD TRIALS 13

 

 

 

1.     OBJECTIVE OF THE PROGRAMME

 

The objective of the programme is to select technical criteria suitable for tender specification purposes that will enable the South African Department of Health to obtain the services and equipment necessary for the primary health care clinics to carry out small-scale incineration for the disposal of medical waste.

 

2.     STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAMME

 

The test programme is being carried out in phases, as follows:

Phase 1         A scoping study to decide the responsibility of the different parties and

consensus on the test criteria and boundaries of the laboratory tests. The criteria for accepting an incinerator on trial was approved by all parties involved.

Phase 2         Laboratory tests with a ranking of each incinerator and the selection of the incinerators to be used in the field trials.

Phase 3         Completion of field trials, to assess the effectiveness of each incinerator under field conditions.

Phase 4         Preparation of a tender specification and recommendations to the DoH for the implementation of an ongoing incineration programme.

 

This document provides feedback on phases 2 and 3 of the work.

 

 

 

3.     COLLABORATORS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME

 

SA Collaborative Centre for Cold Chain Management SA National Department of Health

CSIR

Pharmaceutical Society of SA World Health Organisation UNICEF

 

 

 

4.     STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME

 

The following stakeholders participated in the steering committee:

 

  • Dept of Health (National & provincial levels) (DoH)
  • Dept of Occupational Health & Safety (National & provincial levels)
  • Dept of Environmental Affairs & Tourism (National & provincial levels) (DEAT)
  • Dept of Water Affairs & Forestry (National & provincial levels) (DWAF)
  • Dept of Labour (National & provincial levels) (DoL)
  • National Waste Management Strategy Group
  • SA Local Government Association (SALGA)
  • SA National Civics Organisation (SANCO)
  • National Education, Health and Allied Workers Union (NEHAWU)

 

 

  • Democratic Nurses Organisation of SA (DENOSA)
  • Medecins Sans Frontieres
  • SA Association of Community Pharmacists
  • Mamelodi Community Health Committee
  • Pharmaceutical Society of SA
  • CSIR
  • UNICEF
  • WHO
  • SA Federation of Hospital Engineers

 

 

International visitors:

  • Dr Luiz Diaz – WHO Geneva and International Waste Management , USA
  • Mr Joost van den Noortgate – Medecins Sans Frontieres, Belgium

 

 

 

 

5.     LABORATORY TRIALS

 

5.1.   Objective of the laboratory trials

 

  • Rank the performance of submitted units to the following criteria:

y Occupational safety

y Impact on public health from emissions

y The destruction efficiency

y The usability for the available staff

 

  • The panel of experts for the ranking consisted of a:

y Professional nurse; Mrs Dorette Kotze from the SA National Department of Health

y Emission specialist; Dr Dave Rogers from the CSIR

y Combustion Engineer; Mr Brian North from the CSIR

 

5.2.   Incinerators received for evaluation

 

Name used in report Model no. Description Manufacturer
C&S Marketing

incinerator

SafeWaste Model Turbo

2000Vi

Electrically operated fan supplies combustion air

– no auxiliary fuel

C&S Marketing cc.
Molope Gas incinerator Medcin 400 Medical

Waste Incinerator

Gas-fired incinerator Molope Integrated

Waste Management

Molope Auto incinerator Molope Auto Medical

Waste Incinerator

Auto-combust incinerator – uses wood

or coal as additional fuel to facilitate incineration

Molope Integrated

Waste Management

 

Name used in report Model no. Description Manufacturer
PaHuOy

incinerator

Turbo Stove Auto-combust unit,

using no additional fuel or forced air supply

Pa-Hu Oy

 

 

5.3.   Emission testing: laboratory method

 

Sampling of emissions followed the US-EPA Method 5G dilution tunnel method for stove emissions. Adjustments to the design were made to account for flames extending up to 0.5 m above the tip of the incinerator and the drop out of large pieces of ash. Emissions were extracted into a duct for isokinetic sampling of particulate emissions. The sampling arrangement is shown by a schematic in Figure 1. A photograph of the operation over the Molope gas fired incinerator unit is shown in Figure 2.

 

All tests were performed according to specified operating procedures. The instructions provided by the supplier of the equipment were followed in the case of the C&S Marketing Unit. No operating procedures were supplied with the Molope Gas, Molope auto-combustion and PaHuOy units. These procedures were established by the CSIR personnel using their previous experience together with information provided by the supplier.

 

Test facilities were set up at the CSIR and measurements were carried out under an ISO9001 system using standard EPA test procedures or modifications made at the CSIR.

 

 

 

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the laboratory set-up

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 2:Photograph of air intake sampling hood over Molope gas incinerator

 

 

 

5.4.   RANKING RESULTS OF THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

Using the criteria listed under section 4.1 above, the incinerators were ranked as followed:

 

  Molope gas-fired

unit

Molope wood-fired

unit

C&S electric

unit

PaHuOy wood-fired

unit

Safety 6.8 4.8 5.5 3.3
Health 5.5 3.5 4.3 2.3
Destruction 9 2 6 1
Usability 2 3 3 5
Average 5.8 3.3 4.7 2.9

 

 

5.5.   EMISSION RESULTS OF THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

Quantitative measurements were used to rank the units in terms of destruction efficiency and the potential to produce hazardous emissions.

 

Conformance to the South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism’s (DEAT) recommended guidelines on emissions from Large Scale Medical Waste Incinerators is summarized in Table 1. The measurements are listed1 in Table 2.

 

 

 

Table 1: Summary qualitative results

 

Parameter Measured Units Molope

 

Gas-fired

Molope

 

Wood-fired

C&S

 

Electric

PaHuOy

 

Wood-fired

SA DEAT

Guidelines

Stack height m × × × × 3 m above

nearest building

Gas velocity m/s × × × × 10
Residence time s × × × × 2
Minimum combustion

temperature

ºC 4 × × × > 850
Gas combustion

efficiency

% × × × × 99.99
Particulate emissions mg/Nm3 4 × 4 × 180
Cl as HCl mg/Nm3 × 4 4 × < 30
F as HF mg/Nm3 4 4 4 4 < 30
Metals mg/Nm3 4 × × 4 < 0.5 and

< 0.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Emission concentrations are reported in accordance with the South African reporting requirements, ie, normalized to Normal Temperature (0

oC) and Pressure (101.3 kPa) and corrected to a nominal concentration of

8 % of CO2 on a dry gas basis. If a measurement fell below the detection limit for the method is it either reported as the detection limit or as N.D., ie, not detectable.

 

 

Table 2: Detailed quantitative results

 

 

Parameter Measured *

 

Units

 

Molope gas

 

Molope auto

 

C&S

 

PaHuOy

 

SA Process Guide1

 

Comments

 

Stack height

 

m

 

1.8

 

1.8

 

1.9

 

0.3

 

3 m above nearest building

 

None of these unite has a stack. The height of the exhaust vent is taken as the stack height. If it is above the respiration zone of the operator it provides some protection from exposure to smoke.

 

Gas velocity

 

m/s

 

0.8

 

0.5

 

1.1

 

0.5

 

10

 

Gas velocities vary across the stack for the Molope gas, Molope auto-combustion, and the PaHuOy units.

 

Residence time

 

s

 

0.4

 

0.7

 

0.6

 

0.4

 

2

 

Residence time is taken to be the total combustion time, and the maximum achievable

 

Minimum combustion zone temperature

oC  

800 -900

 

400 – 650

 

600 – 800

 

500 – 700

 

> 850

 

Molope auto-combustion temperatures are expected to be higher as the centre of the combustion zone is not expected to be at the measurement location.

 

CO2 at the stack tip

 

% vol

 

2.64

 

3.75

 

4.9

 

3.25

 

8.0

 

Actual emission concentrations are less than the values reported here, which are normalized to 8 % CO2 and Normal temperature and pressure for reporting purposes. They are lower between 4 to 8 times.

 

Gas

 

%

 

99.91-

 

98.8 -98.4

 

99.69-

 

98.9

 

99.99

 

Most accurate measurement in

Combustion 99.70 99.03 the duct where mixing of exhaust
efficiency gases is complete. Results of two

trials.

 

Particulate emissions entrained in exhaust gas

mg/Nm3  

102

 

197

 

130

 

338

 

180

 

The total emissions are the sum of the both entrained and un- entrained particulates. Emissions are lower than expected for such units and this is attributed to the absence of raking which is the major source of particulate emissions from incinerators without an emission control

system.

 

Particulate fall- out

mg/Nm3  

42

 

105

 

n.d.

 

n.d.

 

 

Large pieces of paper and cardboard ash rained out of the emissions. Totalling 0.8 to 2 g over a +/- 2 minute period.

 

Soot in particulates

 

%

 

42.2

 

58.1

 

48.7

 

84.8

 

 

Correlates directly with gas combustion efficiency

 

1 Emission concentrations are reported in accordance with the South African reporting requirements, ie, Normalized to Normal Temperature (0

oC) and Pressure (101.3 kPa) and corrected to a nominal concentration of

8 % of CO2 on a dry gas basis. If a measurement fell below the detection limit for the method is it either reported as the detection limit or as N.D., ie, not detectable.

 

 

Parameter Measured *

 

Units

 

Molope gas

 

Molope auto

 

C&S

 

PaHuOy

 

SA Process Guide1

 

Comments

 

% ash residual from medical waste

 

%

 

14.8

 

12.9

 

15.6

 

21.7

 

 

Measurement of destruction efficiency of the incinerator. Typical commercial units operate at 85-90 % mass reduction. PaHuOy is lower due to the melting and unburnt plastic.

 

Cl as HCl

mg/Nm3  

46

 

13

 

25

 

35 & 542

 

< 30

 

PaHuOy chloride concentrations varied considerably. This is expected due to the variability of the feed composition.

 

F as HF

mg/Nm3  

< 6

 

< 1

 

<2

 

< 1

 

< 30

 

Fluoride not found in this waste.

 

Arsenic (As)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Arsenic is not expected as a solid.

 

Lead (Pb)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

0.5

 

Lead not expected in waste

 

Cadmium (Cd)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.05

 

Sensitivity of the x-ray method is adequate for ranking. Higher sensitivity not sought for this trial.

 

Chromium (Cr)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

0.7

 

0.7

 

< 0.1.

 

0.5

 

Chromium relative to iron ranges between 12 and 25% which is consistent with stainless steel needles

 

Manganese (Mn)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

0.3

 

0.3

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Manganese may be a component in the stainless steel needle.

 

Nickel (Ni)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

0.3

 

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Nickel may be a component in the needle.

 

Antimony (Sb)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Not expected in this waste.

 

Barium (Ba)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

0.5

 

Lower sensitivity due to presence in the filter material

 

Silver (Ag)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Not expected in this waste.

 

Cobalt (Co)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Cobalt might be present in stainless steel.

 

Copper (Cu)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

< 0.5

 

0.5

 

Lower sensitivity due to copper in the sample blanks. May be background in the analytical equipment.

 

Tin (Sn)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

< 0.2

 

0.5

 

Tin not expected in this waste.

 

Vanadium (V)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.1

 

< 0.1

 

0.4

 

< 0.1

 

0.5

 

Vanadium might be present in stainless steel.

 

Thallium (Tl)

mg/Nm3  

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

< 0.4

 

0.05

 

Not expected in this waste. Sensitivity of the x-ray method is adequate for ranking. Higher sensitivity not sought for this trial.

 

 

 

5.6.   MAIN FINDINGS OF THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

The main conclusions drawn from the trials are as follows:

 

:::          All four units can be used to render medical waste non-infectious, and to destroy syringes or render needles unsuitable for reuse.

:::                           The largest potential health hazard arises from the emissions of smoke and soot.              (the combustion efficiency of all units lies outside the

regulatory standards). The risk to health can be reduced by training operators to avoid the smoke or by installation of a chimney at the site.

:::          The emissions from small scale incinerators are expected to be lower than those from a wood fire, but higher than a conventional fire-brick-

lined multi-chambered incinerator.

:::          Incomplete combustion, and the substantial formation of smoke at low height rendered the PaHuOy unit unacceptable for field trials. Figure 3

below shows this unit during a trial burn. Molten plastic flowed out of

the incinerator, blocked the primary combustion air feed vents, and burnt outside of the unit.

 

 

 

Figure 3: Photo of PaHuOy incinerator during trial burn

 

 

5.7.   COMPARISON OF THE FIELDS TRIALS WITH THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

The CSIR performed a quantitative trial in the field for gas combustion efficiency, temperature profiles and mass destruction rate on the Molope Auto wood-fired unit at the Mogale Clinic.

 

The results of this trial are compared to the laboratory trial results below:

 

  • Waste loading: Disposable rubber gloves were observed in addition to needles syringes, glass vials, bandages, dressings, and paper w
  • Temperatures and combustion efficiency: The same performance in gas combustion        efficiency   was    obtained    for    wood    .

Temperatures were higher but for a shorter time and this was

correlated with the type of wood available to the clinic. The fuel was burnt out before the medical waste was destroyed completely and this resulted in lower temperatures, lower combustion efficiency and higher emissions while burning the waste.

  • Emissions: Large amounts of black smoke were observed and this was correlated directly to cooling of the unit as the wood fuel was exhausted

prior to full ignition of the waste.

  • Destruction efficiency: The destruction efficiency was similar to that in the laboratory measurem
  • Usability: The unit is difficult to control as the result of the variability of the quality of wood
  • Acceptability: the smoke was not acceptable to the clinic, the community, or the local

 

It was concluded that:

  • The performance with fuel alone indicates that laboratory trial data can be used to predict emissions in the
  • The Molope Auto unit is too difficult to control for the available staff and fuel at the

 

 

 

5.8.   RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE LABORATORY TRIALS

 

The following recommendations are made as the result of the laboratory trials:

:::     A comprehensive operating manual must be supplied with each unit.

Adequate training in the operation of the units must be provided, especially focussed on safety issues.

:::     It is recommended that the height of the exhaust vent on all units be

addressed.     In order to facilitate the dispersion of emissions and reduce the exposure risk of the operators.

:::     The suppliers of the incinerators must provide instructions for the safe handling and disposal of ash.

 

 

 

5.9.   RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE STEERING COMMITTEE

 

 

 

After completion of the laboratory trials, the project steering committee recommended that the Molope Gas and C&S Marketing units be submitted for field testing. The Molope Auto was recommended for field testing on the condition that the manufacturer modified the ash grate so as to prevent the spillage of partially burnt needles and syringes.

 

 

 

6.     FIELD TRIALS

 

6.1.   OBJECTIVE OF THE FIELD TRIALS

 

The objective of the field trials was to obtain information in the field and assess the strengths and weaknesses of each of the incinerators during use at primary health care clinics.

 

A participative decision making process was used for the trials. It was based on expert technical evaluation by the CSIR and the National Department of Health as well as participation in the trials by experienced end users and participating advisors. All decisions were made by the Steering Committee, which consisted of representatives of stakeholders in the clinical and medical waste disposal process. These included representatives from the National, Provincial, and Local Government departments of Health, Safety and the Environment, as well as Professional Associations, Unions, NGOs, UNICEF, the WHO and local community representatives.

 

6.2.   CLINIC SELECTION

 

The Provinces in which the trials were done selected clinics for the field trials. The criteria set by the Steering Committee for the selection of the clinics were the following:

 

  • Location must be rural or under-serviced with

y No medical waste removal

y No existing incineration

y No transport

  • It must be in a high-density population area
  • Acceptable environmental conditions must prevail
  • Community acceptance must be obtained
  • Operator skill level to be used must be at a level of illiteracy

 

The clinics that were selected were as follows:

 

  • Steinkopf Clinic – Northern Cape Province – Gas incinerator

 

 

  • Marydale Clinic – Northern Cape Province – Gas incinerator
  • Mogale Clinic – Gauteng Province             – Auto combustion

incinerator, wood-fired.

  • Chwezi Clinic – KwaZulu-Natal Province – Gas incinerator
  • Ethembeni Clinic- KwaZulu-Natal Province – Auto-combustion electrical

incinerator

 

 

 

 

 

 

MAP OF SOUTH AFRICA INDICATING WHERE THE CLINICS ARE SITUATED

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NORTHERN PROVINCE

 

GAUTENG PROVINCE

 

 

 

 

 

NORTH WEST PROVINCE

MPUMALANGA PROVINCE

 

 

 

 

 

 

FREE STATE PROVINCE

 

 

NORTHERN CAPE PROVINCE

 

 

KWAZULU-NATAL PROVINCE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I:/UnitPublic/Valerie/Technet 99/Working papers/Session 3/rogers.doc

 

 

 

EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE

 

 

WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE

 

 

6.3.   COORDINATION OF THE TRIALS

 

The criteria for the ranking of the incinerators in accordance with performance in the field were:

 

  • Safety (occupational and public health)
  • Destruction capability
  • Usability
  • Community acceptability

 

The South African National Department of Health coordinated the field trials.

 

Information regarding the field trials as well as questionnaires were supplied to the coordinators in the participating provinces.

 

The team in the field consisted of the operator, supervisor and inspector (coordinator). The manufacturer of the incinerators did the training of the operators.

 

The questionnaires used during the trials were set so as to obtain information with regard to the criteria set for the ranking of the incinerators in accordance with performance in the field. The questionnaires were received from the clinics at two-weekly intervals.

 

Questions with regard to the criteria were the following:

 

A.  SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  • Smoke Emission

y Volume and thickness

y Colour

y Odour

  • Ash Content
  • Are the filled sharps boxes and soiled dressings stored in a locked location while waiting to be incinerated?

 

 

 

B.  DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  • Destruction Rate

y Complete

y Partial

y Minimal

y Residue content

 

C.  USABILITY (for the available staff)

  • Can the incinerator be used easily?

 

 

  • Is the process of incineration safe?
  • Has training been successful?
  • Is protective clothing such as gloves, goggles, dust masks and safety boots available?

 

D.  COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

  • What is the opinion of the following persons on the use of the incinerator?

y Operator

y Nurse

y Head of the clinic

y Local Authority representative

y Community leader

 

During the trials the clinics were visited and the incinerators evaluated by members of the Steering Committee and the CSIR as well as Dr L Diaz from WHO, Mr M Lainejoki from UNICEF and the coordinator from the National Department of Health.

 

6.4.   QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS

 

6.4.1.      MOGALE CLINIC

 

Type of incinerator at the clinic: Molope Auto-Combustion (Fired with wood)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 4 & 5: Molope Auto wood-fired incinerator during field trials at Mogale clinic

 

 

A.               SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  1. The process of incineration with this unit was considered by the operator, supervisor and the inspector as unsafe because there is no protective cage around the During the process the incinerator becomes very hot and this could result in injury to the operator.

 

  1. The smoke emission of this incinerator had a volume and thickness which was heavy and black, with a distinct unpleasant odour, and was considered This could cause a pollution problem.

 

 

 

B.               DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  1. The needles and vials were not completely destroyed but were rendered unsuitable for re-use.

 

  1. The soft medical waste was completely destroy

 

 

 

C.               USABILITY

 

Difficulty in controlling the operating temperature and avoiding smoke emissions made this incinerator user unfriendly.

 

D.               COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

As a result of the heavy, black smoke emission the unit was not acceptable to the community.

 

 

6.4.2.      ETHEMBENI CLINIC:

 

 

Figure 6: C&S Marketing Auto Combust Electrical Incinerator At Ethembeni Clinic

 

 

 

Type Of Incinerator: C&S Auto-Combustion (Uses an electrically actuated fan)

 

 

 

A.               SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  1. The operator, supervisor and inspector considered this incinerator easy to operate with no danger to the Removal of the ash from the drum for disposal in a pit is, however, considered difficult, as the drum is heavy. Removal of the incinerator lid before it has been allowed to cool has been identified as a potential danger to the operator.

 

  1. Emission of smoke from this incinerator was not considered ex The volume and thickness was evaluated as moderate with no pollution experienced.

 

 

 

B.               DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  1. The needles and vials were not completely destroyed but were rendered unsuitable for re-use.
  2. The soft medical waste was completely destroy

 

 

 

C.               USABILITY

 

Considered user friendly by operator, supervisor and inspector.

 

D.               COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

The incinerator was accepted by the community and was not considered to be harmful.

 

 

 

6.4.3.      CHWEZI CLINIC, MARYDALE CLINIC AND STEINKOPF CLINIC:

 

Type of incinerator: Molope Gas incinerator

 

Figure 7:       Molope Gas incinerator during field trials at Marydale clinic

 

A.               SAFETY (occupational and public health)

 

  1. The operator, supervisor and inspector considered this incinerator easy to operate with minimal danger to the
  2. Smoke emissions were not excessive and were reported to be minim

 

B.               DESTRUCTION CAPABILITY

 

  1. Sharps not completely destroyed but were rendered unsuitable for re-use.

 

 

  1. Soft medical waste completely destroy

 

C.               USABILITY

 

This incinerator was considered user friendly.

 

 

 

D.               COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY

 

 

 

The incinerator was accepted by the community and was not considered to be harmful.

 

 

 

6.5.   RANKING

 

 

INCINERATOR RANKING
Molope Gas 1
C&S Auto-Combustion (Uses electrical fan)  

2

Molope Auto- Combustion (Fired with

wood, coal also an option)

 

3

 

 

 

 

6.6.   OUTCOME OF THE FIELD TRIALS

 

Incinerator Safety Destruction Capability Usability Community Acceptability
Molope Gas Good Good Good Good
C&S Auto- Combustion

(Uses Electricity)

 

Good

 

Good

 

Good

 

Good

Molope Auto-

Combust Incinerator

Un-Acceptable Good Un-Acceptable Un-Acceptable

 


An Unexpected Ebola Infrastructure Problem: Waste


Patients with this debilitating virus produce 440 gallons of medical waste daily, including instruments, gowns, gloves, body fluids, sheets, mattresses and more. That’s a substantial amount of medical waste in any situation, but it’s especially daunting in this case because it needs to be disposed of extremely cautiously, to avoid the risk of spreading infection. What do you do with a problem like Ebola waste? Because you don’t want to toss it in the garbage.

Somewhat surprisingly, says Bausch, the United States actually faces bigger problems when it comes to safely disposing of Ebola waste, which is simply burned in large pits in Africa: “In the United States, of course, we are somewhat beholden to higher tech solutions, which in some ways are a little bit more problematic in terms of treating all that waste, and we need autoclaves or incinerators that can handle that sort of thing. It’s not the actual inactivation that’s particularly difficult; it’s just the process of getting the waste from, of course, the frontline of care and interaction with the patients safely to the place where it can be incinerated or autoclaved.”

The problem in the United States is ironically compounded by the increased access to medical care, and the higher quality of medical services, available. In the United States, patients are treated by medical teams with access to a huge volume of supplies they use for protection, including masks, gowns, booties, and gloves, along with sanitizers and other tools. Moreover, patients receive extensive medical interventions that generate waste like needles, tubing, medical tape, empty IV bags, and more. The very care that has helped most of the handful of Ebola patients in the United States conquer the disease has contributed to the huge amount of waste generated, highlighting a critical hole in U.S. medical infrastructure — while African hospitals may have lacked the supplies and personnel needed to supply aid to Ebola patients, they’re at least prepared to handle the waste.

The CDC just issued guidelines to help clinicians and administrators decide upon how to handle Ebola waste, but The New York Times notes that many facilities don’t have the autoclave, and incinerator, capacity to handle medical waste on this scale. Some states prohibit the burning of medical waste altogether, or have barred incineration of Ebola waste, leading to the transport of waste across state borders to facilities that can handle it, which poses its own risks; with every mile added to transport, there’s a greater risk of spreading disease to previously unexposed communities.

Surprisingly, defenders of burning the waste come from surprising corners. Environmentals like Allen Hershkowitz, National Resources Defense Council senior scientist, point out that: “There’s no pollutant that’s going to come out of a waste incinerator that’s more dangerous than the Ebola virus. When you’re dealing with pathogenic and biological hazards, sometimes the safest thing to do is combustion.”

The argument in defense of incineration can be bolstered by the fact that medical waste companies specialize in high-efficiency incineration with equipment designed to minimize and trap byproducts of combustion, reducing overall pollution considerably. Fears about Ebola, rather than genuine environmental or public health concerns, are driving the decision to push against incineration of ebola waste in many regions, but eventually, the United States is going to have to face facts: The mounting waste that accumulates in facilities where Ebola patients receive treatments needs to be disposed of safely, and promptly.

 

by: http://www.care2.com/causes/an-unexpected-ebola-infrastructure-problem-waste.html


Animal Carcass Incinerators


Basic Info.

Pullution Sources:Solid Waste Processing
Processing Methods:Combustion
Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:clover

Product Description

2011 year is an important foundation for us. We reach to developed country market and stabilize our old customers. Our incinerator use in Southeast Asia, incineration burner, incineration chamber, incineration chien de 50 kilos, incineration disposal of solid waste, incineration equipment manufacturer, Central Asia, Europe, Middle East, Africa and Australia, etc. Clover Incinerator has grown to be one of the famous and biggest incinerator supplier all over the world. 

Key Features: 
* All models with Dual combustion chamber. 
* Stainless Steel chimney/stack, long lifetime. *according to order 
* High temperature, long lifetime of incinerator. 
* Free or minimum installation on site. 
* High burn rate, from 10kgs to 500kgs per hour, up to 6ton per day. 
* PLC Control Plane. *according to order 
* New Design for pet animal cremation business. 
* One year warranty on incinerator and parts in stock.

Item Customer Request Example
Application Scope  
 
 
 
Hospital, Pet Crematory, Slaughter House, Laboratories, School, Community, etc. if for animal/pet, indicate animal size like: cat, dog, cattle, etc
What kind of waste?  
____, _____%
____, _____%
____, _____%
 
 
Medical waste, dead animal, Municipal Waste, etc(detail name) or nature percent
if for animal/pet, indicate animal size like: cat, dog, cattle, etc
Quantity Request    
01.02.03^…unit
 
Budget    
$US Dollar.
 
 
Operating Time    
The staff work Hours per day.
Our incinerator can work up to around 18 hours per day.
Realization Date of project In ___ year  
Waste Output Capacity per Day?  
 
1000kgs Per Day^
Request waste burn rate   Capacity: 100kgs Per hour^
Request waste feed capacity   Capacity: 100kgs per feed^
Whether Natural Gas Supply Local?   Yes or No.
Local Power   If 380V and 220V valid?
Product Installation Destination  
 
Country or City name
DestinationSeaport name?   To check sea freight charge.
 
Customer    
End-Customer, Agent, Government.
 
Method of contract   Tender or Negotiation
Date of Tender limit    
How did you know our company?    
Other request or information  
 
 
 

Incinerator (TS20 PLC)


Basic Info.

Model NO.:TS20 PLC
Pullution Sources:Solid Waste Processing
Processing Methods:Combustion
Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:CLOVER
Packing:Full Container
Standard:20 kg per hour
Origin:China
Production Capacity:1000 Sets Per Year

Product Description

TS model PLC incinerator is latest design for waste treatment, include medical waste, animal cremation and other solid waste. This equipment quality structural for kinds of site, animal pet incinerator for sales,animal shelter incinerator for sale,animal waste cremator,animal waste furnace,animal waste incinerator for 50 kg,animal waste incinerator with heat exchanger,like hospital, environmental department, animal cremation agencies, etc. CLOVER Incinerator supply updated models with dual combustion chamber and smoke filter chamber with refractory lines, and the combustion chamber temperature up to 1200 deg C.

Items/Model TS10(PLC) TS20(PLC) TS30(PLC) TS50(PLC)
Burn Rate 10 kg/hour 20 kg/hour 30 kg/hour 50 kg/hour
Feed Capacity 20kg 40kg 60kg 100kg
Control Mode PLC PLC PLC PLC
Combustion Chamber 100L 210L 330L 560L
Internal Dimensions 50x50x40cm 65x65x50cm 75x75x60cm 100x80x70cm
Secondary Chamber 50L 110L 180L 280L
Smoke Filter Chamber Yes Yes Yes Yes
Feed Mode Manual Manual Manual Manual
Voltage 220V 220V 220V 220V
Power 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.7Kw
Oil Consumption (kg/hour) 5.4–12.6 7.8–16.3 10.2–20 12.1–24
Gas Consumption (m3/hour) 6.2–11.4 8–15.7 9.8–20 9.9–26.1
Temperature Monitor Yes Yes Yes Yes
Temperature Protection Yes Yes Yes Yes
Oil Tank 100L 100L 100L 100L
Feed Door 30x30cm 45x40cm 55x50cm 70x55cm
Chimney 3Meter 3Meter 5Meter 5Meter
Chimney Type Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
1st. Chamber Temperature 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree
2nd. Chamber Temperature 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree
Residency Time 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec.
Gross Weight 1500kg 2200kg 3000kg 4500kg
External Dimensions 140x90x120cm 160x110x130cm 175x120x140cm 230x130x155cm
 

Medical Incinerator Specification


Capacity Not less than 500Kg/hr.
Operation 24hr-7days/week continuous operation.
Combustion chamber 2 combustion chamber.
Temp. First combustion chamber 800-1000 C.
Secandry combustion chamber 1000-1200 C, with the possibility to be upgraded to 1400 C.
Combustion Efficiency 99.99%
Retention time Of the flow gases not less than 2 Sec in the hot portion.
Excess Oxygen concentration Of primary combustion chamber 3-6% max.

Refractory The chambers should be lined with high thermal insulating refractory bricks with suitable thickness and with highly temp. 
resistance. Not less than 1400 C for the first combustion chamber, and not less than 1600 C for the secandry combustion chamber, and at the 
same time prevent the Temp. of the outside body of the chamber not higher than 70 C.
Doors Should be lined with the same bricks, and the edges lined with special suitable insulating material to prevent any gas escaping, and 
the doors should be kept under negative pressure during the operation.
Air Emission Control System With high destruction and removal efficiency (DRE). Not less than 99.9999 as per KEPA.
Wet System If the system equiped with a CEMS washing the flow gas with water, then it should be manufactured from suitable anti 
corrossion materials, and equiped with pH meter to measure and neutralize the water. It should be able to use the water in closed recycled 
circuit many times before treating/ discharging into the sewage system in compliance with KEPARS.
Chemical dosing It should be equiped with suitable autochemical dosing system to control the pH for the water of the wet scrubber system 
including sensors.
Chimney It should be suitable with the capacity and the technical specifications, with height not less than 12m from ground level. With easy 
opennable sampling point equal about 3 inch, and the optimum sampling locations is at least 8D downstream direction and 2D upstream from any 
flow disturbancies.
Sampling point Should be equiped with a platform located down the sampling point by a distance not less than 1 m, and equiped with suitable 
stairs from ground to the port with comfortable slope.
Ash Removal It should be auto ash removal system.
Fuel It should be dual system, such as diesel and natural gas.
Feeding System Should be auto feeding system into primary chamber.
Control Room Should be equiped with a control panel shows Temp. of the combustion burners, gas monitoring, digital Temp. indecation for the 
primary/secondary chambers, digital Temp. indication for the gases…etc. it should be also Auto operation, burnures on/off auto lamps switch, 
auto start/stop for air emission control system, auto gas continuous monitoring system reading and print out of gas emission parameters…etc.
Cooling System The primary chamber should be provided with auto cooling systemthrough nozzles to permit direct cooling if the Temp. will be 
heigher than 1100 C.
Inter-lock system The incinerator should be equiped with inter-lock system to prevent feeding the waste to the primary chamber if the 
combustion Temp. less than 500 C.
Flue treatment and cleaning To consist a combined system (wet/dry), using water, lime, active carbon and ceramic filters.
Quenching system/Heat exchanger Should be made and manufactured from anti corrosion and acid attack materials such as stainless steel 316 or 
equivalent.
Noise Level Not more than 85 dBA during normal operation.
Inaddition The desigh should insure that responsive fail-safe control systems are used.
The incinerator should be installed inside closed suitable building with good aeration and ventilation system. The building has 
facilities for off-loading of wastes from transport vehicles. Auto cleaning system for trucks and waste containers, and cool storage 
area…etc.
The quotation should included list of original spare parts for 7 years.
The quotation should include supervising, starting up and training of the operators and ministry of health engineers inside/outside 
Kuwait.
Detailed drawings, catalogs should be included.


Incineration`


Basic Info.

Pullution Sources:Solid Waste Processing
Processing Methods:Combustion
Export Markets:Global

Additional Info.

Trademark:clover

Product Description

Key Features: 
* All models with Dual combustion chamber. 
* Stainless Steel chimney/stack, long lifetime. *according to order 
* High temperature, long lifetime of incinerator. 
* Free or minimum installation on site. 
* High burn rate, from 10kgs to 500kgs per hour, up to 6ton per day. 
* PLC Control Plane. *according to order 
* New Design for pet animal cremation business. 
* One year warranty on incinerator and parts in stock. 

Incinerator is a incineration equipment, direct fire waste by gas fuel or oi fuel. As different circumscription, incinerator can be named many words as below: 

Treatment capacity: Small scale incinerator, large scale incinerator and incineration pant. 

Waste material: Municipal waste incinerator, medical waste incinerator, animal cremation incinerator, human cremators 

Incinerator fuel: Gas incinerator, oil incinerator 

Waste to Energy (WTE): WTE incinerator, non-WTE incinerator 

Incinerator Manufacturer: China incinerator manufacturer, UK incinerator manufacturer, USA incinerator manufacturer, India incinerator manufacturer. 

Famous Incinerator manufacturer company: Inciner8(UK), Clover Incinerator(China), Pennram (USA), Haat (India) 

Burning Rate: 5kgs/hour, 10 kgs/hour, 15 kgs/hour, 20 kgs/hour, 30 kgs/hour, 50 kgs/hour, 100 kgs/hour, 150 kgs/hour, 300 kgs/hour, 500 kgs/hour

Items/Model TS10(PLC) TS20(PLC) TS30(PLC) TS50(PLC) TS100(PLC)
Burn Rate 10 kg/hour 20 kg/hour 30 kg/hour 50 kg/hour 100 kg/hour
Feed Capacity 20kg 40kg 60kg 100kg 200 kg
Control Mode PLC PLC PLC PLC PLC
Combustion Chamber 100L 210L 330L 560L 1200L
Internal Dimensions 50x50x40cm 65x65x50cm 75x75x60cm 100x80x70cm 120x100x100cm
Secondary Chamber 50L 110L 180L 280L 600L
Smoke Filter Chamber Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Feed Mode Manual Manual Manual Manual Manual
Voltage 220V 220V 220V 220V 220V
Power 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.5Kw 0.7Kw 0.7Kw
Oil Consumption (kg/hour) 5.4–12.6 7.8–16.3 10.2–20 12.1–24 14–28
Gas Consumption (m3/hour) 6.2–11.4 8–15.7 9.8–20 9.9–26.1 10–32.2
Temperature Monitor Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Temperature Protection Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Oil Tank 100L 100L 100L 100L 200L
Feed Door 30x30cm 45x40cm 55x50cm 70x55cm 80x60cm
Chimney 3Meter 3Meter 5Meter 5Meter 10Meter
Chimney Type Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
1st. Chamber Temperature 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree 800–1000 degree
2nd. Chamber Temperature 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree 1000-1200 degree
Residency Time 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec. 2.0 Sec.
Gross Weight 1500kg 2200kg 3000kg 4500kg 6000kg
External Dimensions 140x90x120cm 160x110x130cm 175x120x140cm 230x130x155cm 260x150x180cm